四、结 语

从媒介对儿童影响的几种理论可以看出，它与其他媒介效果研究一样，也经历了一个从简单到复杂的过程。从完全强调媒介的单向作用开始，到关注儿童的个人特质，再到对环境因素的把握，研究者们在前人成果的基础上不断完善。当我们将媒介的影响模糊地划分为不利影响和有利影响时，又可以发现一个大致的规律，即当一个新兴媒体出现时，更多的研究往往集中于其带来的不利影响，而当该媒体逐渐被社会所适应和接受，甚至变得必不可少时，又会出现大量研究论证其积极意义和存在的合理性。

媒介技术的更迭发展是不可逆转的，研究媒介对儿童影响的目的，并不是阻止儿童对媒介的接触，而是做出更为有利的指导，指引新兴媒介技术以更科学合理的方式存于在儿童的生活中。

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